#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long LL;
#define F(N,S,T) for(int N=(S);N<=(T);N++)

LL sum(LL s,LL d,LL c){
    return (s+s+(c-1)*d)*c/2;
}

void work(){
    LL n,m;
    cin>>n>>m;
    cout<<(m>=n/2?n*(n-1)/2:sum(2*n-3,-4,m))<<endl;
}

int main(){
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    int t;
    cin>>t;
    while(t--){
        work();
    }
    return 0;
}