#include<bits/stdc++.h>
#define clr(x) memset(x,0,sizeof(x))
#define clrmax(x) memset(x,0x3f3f3f3f,sizeof(x))
#define clrmin(x) memset(x,-0x3f3f3f3f,sizeof(x))
#define pb push_back
#define LL long long
#define mod 1000000007
#define mp make_pair
using namespace std;
typedef pair<int,int> pii;
const int N = 1e5+10;
const int M = 3e5+10;
int T,n,m;
int main(){
    scanf("%d",&T);
    while(T --){
        scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
        int k = min(n / 2 ,m);
        LL ans = 1LL * (n - 2 * k + n - 1) * k;
        printf("%I64d\n",ans);
    }
    return 0;
}