#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
    long long t,n,m;
    scanf("%lld",&t);
    while(t--)
    {
        scanf("%lld%lld",&n,&m);
        if(m==0||n==1)
            printf("0\n");
        else
        { 
        if((n/2)<=m)
            printf("%lld\n",(n*(n-1))/2);
        else
        {
            long long ou=1,ji=3,i;
            long long a=(n*(n-1))/2,b=n/2;
            if(n%2==0)
            {
                if(m==b-1)
                    printf("%lld\n",a-ou);
                else
                {
                    m=b-m;
                    printf("%lld\n",a-(m*(4*m-2))/2);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                if(m==b-1)
                    printf("%lld\n",a-ji);
                else
                {
                    m=b-m;
                    printf("%lld\n",a-(m*(4*m+2))/2);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    }
    return 0;
}